The
thyroid is like the engine of the body, as its proper functioning allows the human body to perform all kinds of activities, from energy and heart rate to speed of beats; therefore, if something goes wrong, it is important to address it immediately.
This time, we researched what the thyroid is, the two main diseases that affect it, and the foods that improve its functioning.
What is the thyroid?
The thyroid is a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that regulates the entire
metabolism, including “the rate at which calories are burned and how fast the heart beats,” according to the
U.S. National Library of Medicine. Experts from this institution explain that there are two main conditions that can affect the thyroid:
hypothyroidism and
hyperthyroidism. Here we tell you more about these two diseases.
You can also read: 5 benefits of eating salmonWhat is hypothyroidism?
Hypothyroidism is a condition that occurs when the thyroid does not produce enough thyroid hormones, which regulate many bodily functions such as “breathing, heart rate, weight, digestion, and mood,” according to the
MedlinePlus website.
This thyroid disease can have several causes, from an autoimmune disorder known as
Hashimoto's disease to being congenital. It is worth mentioning that it usually affects more women and people over 60 years old.
The symptoms of hypothyroidism are many and include the following:
- Weight gain
- High cholesterol levels
- Goiter
- Dry and thin hair
- Depression
- Pain in joints and muscles
- Constipation
- Fatigue
- Heavy or irregular menstruation
- Low blood pressure
- Fertility problems in women
- Dry skin
- Low tolerance to cold
- Swollen face
You can also read: The best foods to burn fatWhat is hyperthyroidism?
On the other side of the spectrum is
hyperthyroidism, as the symptoms of this condition are the complete opposite of those of hypothyroidism. In this disease, the thyroid produces a large amount of thyroid hormones, becoming hyperactive.
Hyperthyroidism can be caused by
Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, as well as by abnormal growth of the gland, inflammation, or excessive iodine consumption.
According to the
National Library of Medicine, the symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:
- Goiter
- Mood swings
- Muscle weakness
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Irritability
- Nervousness
- Weight loss
- Low tolerance to heat
- High blood pressure
- Sleep problems
- Tremors in the hands
If you experience several of these symptoms, do not hesitate to consult an endocrinologist. On the other hand, if you have already been diagnosed with hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, here we tell you what the best foods for your
thyroid are, as in addition to medication, a proper diet will always make you feel much better.
You can also read: How many calories should I consume per day to lose weight?The best foods for the thyroid
If you suffer from hypothyroidism and often feel very tired, have constipation, or have pain in your joints and muscles, eating nutritious foods could help you, but always alongside medication and your doctor's advice.
The 5 best foods for hypothyroidism
According to
experts, these are the best foods if you suffer from this condition:
1. Seaweed
Seaweed contains a large amount of
iodine, an essential nutrient for the proper functioning of this gland. So don’t hesitate to cook a delicious sushi with nori seaweed or eat seaweed as part of a healthy snack.
2. Nuts
Due to their significant amount of
selenium, macadamia nuts, hazelnuts, and Brazil nuts are incredible options for you. Be sure to include them in your breakfasts, salads, or as snacks.
3. Fish
As you probably already know, some types of fish are rich in
Omega-3, selenium, and other nutrients, making them the perfect ingredient for those suffering from hypothyroidism. Your best options will be salmon, cod, and sea bass.
4. Dairy
Did you know that dairy products contain iodine? One of the main reasons to consume this nutrient is that they “prevent the glands from becoming enlarged,” a condition known as goiter. However, remember to choose low-fat or skim options.
5. Eggs
If you enjoy omelets and scrambled eggs, we give you more reasons to enjoy this ingredient, as it contains essential nutrients like iodine and selenium; just remember that you should eat the yolk as well.
In the case of foods you should avoid, they mostly consist of ingredients rich in goitrogens, a substance that interferes with the production of thyroid hormones and causes the neck to become very thick:
- Tofu
- Tempeh
- Edamame
- Cabbage
- Broccoli
- Kale
- Cauliflower
- Spinach
- Sweet potato
- Peach
- Strawberry
- Peanut
- Pine nut
- Millet
- Gluten
- Processed foods and junk food
Although in certain cases the active goitrogens are neutralized by cooking these foods, it is best to consult your specialist.
You can also read: 10 foods that will make you feel happierThe best foods for hyperthyroidism
If you suffer from
hyperthyroidism, it is recommended to include the following in your diet, according to the
Healthline website:
- Non-iodized salt
- Coffee
- Tea
- Egg white
- Fruit
- Nuts
- Oatmeal
- Potato
- Honey
- Broccoli
- Brussels sprouts
- Maple syrup
- Cauliflower
- Kale
- Mustard
- Beans
- Lentils
- Chicken and meat
- Chia
- Seeds and nuts
On the other hand, you should avoid or reduce the consumption of seaweed, sushi, vegetable dyes, milk, yogurt, cheese, egg yolk, soy sauce, and tofu. However, it is very important to consult your doctor before making changes to your diet.